Alt Nutrition thread, info from SilkRoad2

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Alt Nutrition thread, info from SilkRoad2 Kru!bqNTtjs6XQ 11/24/15 (Tue) 01:12:25 No.61796

I wanted to post in the nutrition thread, only to notice it's too long and now not possible to post in.

In terms of nutrition, I've been attempting to follow the advice of a guy from Silk Road 1/2, who had had the name of Tryptamine.

He recommended a diet of mostly fruits, mushrooms, and medicinal herbs. I can dig up more info if you like. All oils other than medium chain are supposed to be bad, including seed and fish oils. So basically coconut oil is the only easily accessible good oil. Tubers, nuts, seeds, legumes, all are not optimal, and eat everything raw/organic where possible.

In response to,

“Are there, in your opinion, important dietary supplements that every human being should take?”

Vitamin C - preferably Magnesium, Potassium, or Sodium ascorbate - 10g/day; up to 300g/day for severe degenerative diseases - Apes cannot synthesize vitamin C and require enormous amounts from our diets. Required for many reduction/hydroxylation reactions (eg, synthesis of collagen, norepinephrine, carnitine). Spares and restores other antioxidants such as vitamin E and ALA. Subclinical deficiency impairs capillary integrity and catecholamine metabolism; promotes CVD, cancer, parkinsonism, schizophrenia, diabetes, and most other degenerative diseases. Cannot be obtained in even close to sufficient amounts, even on an all-fruit diet, since domesticated fruits are much lower in vitamin C and flavonoids than wild ones. Large (25g+) doses can be used to overcome opiate addiction, and to relieve pain. Adverse effects are extremely uncommon, with the exception of gastrointestinal discomfort at very high doses (which may itself be therapeutic).

Flavonoids - >500mg/day - catechol flavonoids are required for vitamin C activity; flavonoids improve the efficiency of many metabolic processes; substantially expand the protective capabilities of endogenous antioxidants; largely responsible for the health benefits of many foods. Berries, tea, chocolate, onions, and wine are well-studied sources.

Vitamin B3 - Niacinamide or Niacin - 250 or 500mg/day (up to 2g/day; requirement is substantially increased during stressful conditions, eg. schizophrenia, and liver disease) - Precursor to NAD and NADPH, the most fundamental cofactors in living organisms. Functional deficiency affects all life processes. NADH is used to extract high-energy electrons from food-derived carbohydrates and proteins. NADPH is widely used by proteins in biosynthetic electron transfer reactions and is part of some antioxidant enzymes. Supplementation has been repeatedly found to have significant benefits in many (perhaps most) degenerative diseases. Niacinamide inhibits the breakdown of NAD.

Kru!bqNTtjs6XQ 11/24/15 (Tue) 01:13:13 No.61797

Vitamin B2 - Riboflavin - 20mg/day - forms FAD, a ubiquitous cofactor used for 2-electron reductions, including the enzyme that detoxifies aminochromes. Along with NADH, needed to extract metabolic energy from foods

Vitamin B6 - Pyridoxal-5-Phosphate - 15mg/day - prone to oxidative destruction, especially when B3 is deficient; central to amino acid metabolism; deficiency arrests 'non-essential' protein synthesis; opioid addiction depletes vitamin B6.

Vitamin B1 - Thiamin - 20mg/day - performs decarboxylation reactions; required for complete catabolism of sugars and keto acids; destroyed by alcohol use; deficiency produces neurasthenia, neurodegeneration, and metabolic syndrome.

Vitamin B5 - Pantothenate - 25mg/day - part of Coenzyme A; essential for fat metabolism and oxidative respiration; excessiely excreted in metabolic syndrome.

Vitamin B9 - TetraHydroMethylFolate - 200ug/day - required to remethylate S-Adenosyl-Methionine; most people are functionally deficient; requirement increased by B12 deficiency; opioid addiction depletes folic acid.

Vitamin B12 - Methylcobalamin - 1000ug/day - normally produced by gut bacteria, which are impaired in everyone; required to recycle folic acid to allow for methylation; deficiency is associated with neurodegeneration.

Na-R-ALA - 10-100mg/day; along with thiamin, oxidizes pyruvate produced by glycolysis; water/fat soluble antioxidant that recycles endogenous antioxidants; effective and non-toxic heavy metal chelator; low plasma levels are indicative of metabolic syndrome/diabetes; supplementation restores insulin sensitivity in diabetes and associated conditions (eg schizophrenia).

Vitamin D3 - Cholecalciferol - 5000 IU/day in winter, less with more sunlight exposure - produced from cholesterol by UV light in human skin. Mushroom skin produces the related compound Ergocalciferol, Vitamin D2, which can partially substitute for our own D3. Prevents calcium accumulation in soft tissue, plasma; prevents osteoporosis, may alleviate depression.

Vitamin E - d-Tocopherols - 30IU/day - up to 400IU/day depending on meat and PUFA consumption. Supplementation is not required if you eat only fruit. In most cases, avoid taking over 400IU/day. Best is to take a,b,g, and d ('mixed') tocopherols and tocotrienols rather than just a-tocopherol. Required for the hydrogenation of excess unsaturated fats and the prevention of their oxidation; spares and restores CoQ10. Antagonizes some of the effects of estrogen.

Magnesium - Magnesium Glycinate/chelate - 50-200mg/day Mg - required for ATP synthesis and retention; required for calcium absorption and utilization; prevents muscle cramping and bruxism.

Vitamin K2 - Menaquinone - 2mg/day - required for protein carboxylation; prevents bone demineralization and soft-tissue calcification; necessary for proper vitamin D and calcium metabolism; required for effective blood clotting. Vitamin D supplementation necessitates vitamin K supplementation. MK4 is the most active form of vitamin K in non-hepatic tissues.

Zinc - Zinc Picolinate/chelate - ~10mg/day of zinc - required for some antioxidant enzymes (Zn-SOD); required for insulin synthesis; various metabolic roles. Required for MAP binding to microtubules, and hence the structural integrity of neuronal dendrites. Disruption of Zn metabolism by aluminium is related to alzheimerism.

Selenium - Selenomethionine - 100ug/day - required for some antioxidant enzymes (GPx); required for the conversion of thyroid hormone to its active form (T3). Deficiency is associated with schizophrenia and diabetes.

Chlorella/Spirulina - 1-20g/day - single celled algae; extremely high in nearly all vitamins and minerals, as well as a wide variety of other biological molecules - good for detoxification. Can be eaten in unlimited amounts, like food.

Reishi/Cordyceps/Lion's Mane - 1-5g/day - medicinal mushrooms; contain a multitude of natural nootropics, including noopept-like substances; broadly effective at preventing and reversing brain damage.

If

you had to choose six of these, they'd be Vitamin B3, Vitamin B6, Vitamin B12, Vitamin C, Vitamin D, and vitamin K. They are inexpensive and nearly everyone is functionally deficient in them. Everything listed should be taken by anyone living in civilization who seeks to avoid disease and prevent aging.

In response to “what brands would be best?” the guy wrote:

The brand does not matter.

For C, try to find one that also includes flavonoids.

For B3, niacin works about as well as niacinamide but also produces flushing and has blood lipid- and cholesterol-lowering effects.

Kru!bqNTtjs6XQ 11/24/15 (Tue) 01:19:16 No.61798

Now for some info that was on reddit that he said at the end of SR1.

So, I assume it's superceded by the SR2 stuff I pasted.

"The theoretical basis behind my supplements is, briefly, that neurodegeneration is produced by sub-optimal diet, environmental toxins, chronic stress, and lack of fulfillment in everyday life. The ingredients in my supplements were intended to produce a neurochemical environment approaching that which would be produced by a diet high in fruit and medicinal plants. To that end, I have also made many posts here over the years about nutrition, which can be found through my profile. The following is a recreation of the general advice I gave to customers who asked about nutritional supplements.

Vitamin C - Ascorbic acid is a derivative of glucose which participates in numerous hydroxylation reactions in all plants and animals, including the hydroxylation of collagen and dopamine. It is also an important antioxidant that can reduce oxidized vitamin E. Only apes, humans, and guinea pigs, who cannot synthesize vitamin C, require it from their diet. From the ascorbate intake of wild non-human primates, optimal human ascorbate intake has been estimated to exceed 20 grams per day. Cardiovascular disease is the direct result of ascorbate deficiency. Deficiency also exacerbates diabetes, cancer, and schizophrenia, all related to a perturbed redox environment.The vascular effects of ascorbate (and perhaps others) require the presence of certain flavonoids, colored substances in plants that are particularly abundant in wild fruit. Brain levels of ascorbate are an order of magnitude higher than peripheral levels, and ascorbate insufficiency is a major contributor to neurological as well as psychiatric morbidity. It is impossible to achieve sufficient ascorbate intake by eating domesticated fruit alone, and supplementation is imperative for 99.99+% of the population. Take several grams a day, preferably divided over several doses. Avoid calcium ascorbate.

Alpha Lipoic Acid - ALA is a cofactor in alpha-keto-acid dehydrogenase enzymes, essential for the extraction of energy from fats and sugars, as well as a versatile antioxidant which can restore many other antioxidants through redox cycling. Like ascorbate, it accelerates recovery from ischemia-reperfusion injury, a model for strokes and more generally for intermittent energy insufficiency. ALA therapy was in the past used successfully to treat schizophrenia. ALA is decreased in diabetes, which predisposes to all the major neurodegenerative diseases. It is also destroyed by toxins. 'stabilized' Na-R-ALA is the only form that should be used; non-stabilized RALA readily polymerizes irreversibly, and should not be used. 20-40mg should be sufficient for relatively healthy individuals with high antioxidant intake.

Flavonoids - Flavonoids are diphenolic compounds which produce the colors of many fruits and plants. They are required for many of the effects of vitamin C, and are extremely potent antioxidants, some effective at picomolar concentrations, trapping 'missed' radicals and cycling them through the more abundant antioxidants. Many flavonoids also exhibit metal chelating properties, in particular OPCs. Consumption of a wide variety of flavonoids is essential for optimal bran health; eating berries and raw juices is better than supplementation.

Vitamin D - Cholecalciferol is produced when dehydrocholesterol is oxidized by UV light. Humans, whose skin is not covered in fur, are very effective at synthesizing vitamin D. However, we tend to remain indoors and/or cover most of our skin with clothing, and so nearly everyone is deficient to varying degrees in D3. Cholecalciferol participates in calcium metabolism, and deficiency increases Ca++ deposition in soft tissue and causes a compensatory increase in parathyroid hormone. Low levels also produce Seasonal Affective Disorder, especially in the winter. 2000-5000 IU/day.

Selenium - A mineral that acts as a cofactor in a number of redox-related enzymes; required for the recycling of glutathione and the activation of thyroid hormone (T4->T3). Tends to be decreased in schizophrenia. Should be obtained through diet - mushrooms and coconut. If supplementing, ~200ugj/day.

Vitamin B1 - cofactor in ketoacid dehyrogenases; required for the catabolism of sugars. Deficient in diabetes, alzheimer's, and schizophrenia. Alcohol destroys thiamin and can produce encephalopathy. Can improve energy levels. 10-70mg/day.

Kru!bqNTtjs6XQ 11/24/15 (Tue) 01:19:35 No.61799

Vitamin B2 - participates in redox reactions and extraction of energy from carbohydrates. Deficient in eg. alzherimer's, schizophrenia. 10-40mg/day.

Vitamin B3 - the most ubiquitous vitamin, part of NADH, involved in the majority of redox (energy transfer) reactions in living cells. Depleted by excessive energy demands. When intake is low (as in meat-eaters) niacin is produced from tryptophan in a B6-dependent reaction pathway. Diabetes is closely linked to low niacin levels. Was used effectively to treat acute and chronic schizophrenia in the '50s and '60s, and can 'abort' some aspects of psychedelic trips. 20mg-250mg/day; 500-1000 in diabetes or schizophrenia, or to abort a trip

Vitamin B6 - participates in a variety of metabolic reactions, in particular of amino acids, including all transamination reactions and most decarboxylations. Lost through oxidation during periods of oxidative stress. Pyridoxine Hydrochloride, the commonly used synthetic form, can functiion as an anti-vitamin and has been found to be neurotoxic at doses as low as 50mg. P5P is the active form; it is around 1000x the price of PxnHCl. 15-40mg/day P5P.

Vitamin B9/Vitamin B12 - participate in transmethylation reactions; deficiency causes homocystinemia, 'brain fog', anemia. B9 high in leaves; B12 is produced by intenstinal bacteria, although virtually all individuals produce sub-optimal amounts due to damaged gut fauna.

Vitamin E - prevents unsaturated lipid peroxidation and fragmentation. Rapidly destroyed when vitamin C is deficient. Deficient in individuals with a diet high in unsaturated fat. Supplement D-tocopherols and D-tocotrienols, not DL-.

Theanine - the major amino acid in tea. Antagonizes the excitatory effects of glutamate. Increases EEG alpha activity. Produces a state of relaxation. Increases resistance to stress; improves cognitive performance in anxious subjects. Can facilitate sleep. 20-100mg/day if you have trouble sleeping; better from tea than from a supplement. White tea has the least caffeine.

Magnesium - dication which antagonizes many of the effects of calcium. Needed to remove calcium from soft tissues, along with vitamins D and K. In cells Mg is bound to ATP, stabilizing it. Required for the activation of thiamine. MDMA and other stimulants may increase the requirement of magnesium due to increased cellular activity and energetic demands. If supplementing, use magnesium chelate or citrate, not magnesium oxide.

Adaptogenic herbs: Rhodiola Rosea, Bacopa Monneri, Ashwagandha, Eleuthero Senticossus, Ginkgo Biloba, Jiaogulan, Tulsi, etc - Traditionally used for hundreds or thousands of years as anti-stress, pro-endurance agents. All have a long history of safe use. Consult an herbalist before consuming large amounts of these.

Nootropic mushrooms: Lion's Mane, Cordyceps Sinensis, and Reishi - Contain a multitude of neurotrophic factors. Long history of use as nootropics. Accelerate recovery from neurological injury.

Algae (Chlorella and Spirulina) - 'natural multivitamin'; exceptional sources of most vitamins and minerals; can be taken at several grams per day.

Coconut oil - mainly short- and medium- saturated fatty acids; can immediately be used as energy, like sugars; increase energy levels regardless of glycolysis, via ketosis; may prevent and reverse alzheimerism.

SUPPLEMENTS TO AVOID:

I won't go into detail here, although I've written about some of these on the forums; if you seek, you will find.

5-HTP

L-Tryptophan

L-DOPA

Fish oil/Flax oil

Iron

Calcium

Pyridoxine HCl (at 50mg+ dosages)

Huperazine A

Resveratrol

Kru!bqNTtjs6XQ 11/24/15 (Tue) 01:37:17 No.61800